Both check out OKHowdy KPF, welcome to the forum.
Let's check to see if the temperature system is performing normally. Remove the wire from the temperature sending unit (sensor). With the wire disconnected, start the tractor and check that the temperature gauge remains at zero (cold). If gauge moves off of zero, or pegs out (hot), you have a circuit/short to ground somewhere in the wire. If it remains cold, Then, touch the end of the wire to ground. The temperature gauge should go to full scale very quickly.
The 180 or less is with a conventional thermometer and it does go down when the thermostat opens and I don't see any bubbles to indicate a bad head gasket , Do you know how much power the gauge should be getting , someone said it may be like the older pickups where it was regulated down from 12 volts , this tests about 14.4 volts with the tractor runningCheck the radiator temperature with a conventional thermometer to find out what the actual temperature is. A temperature of "180F or less" is not full scale on the gauge. The temperature will build till the thermostat opens and then cool down a bit.
You could try removing the thermostat and see how it performs??
Are you seeing any bubbles in your coolant as it heats up?
No , the fuel gauge seems to be working properly ,but I see your point as they share common powerDoes your fuel gauge behave similarly to the temperature gauge? If it were a stabilized voltage problem, both gauges would behave the same.